Celebes Frog

The Celebes frog is a true frog endemic to Sulawesi. It was long listed as Hylarana celebensis, the name retained in this site's species data, but molecular work transferred it to Papurana. A northern Sulawesi elevational survey measured seven individuals at 3.3–5.2 cm and 1.97–7.37 g, with records spanning 326–1,075 m. Those figures describe the surveyed animals rather than fixed limits for the species (Karin et al. 2023).

Field work in south-east Sulawesi found adults and tadpoles near streams in both undisturbed and disturbed forest, and adults also occurred away from streams. Unlike several frogs breeding directly in running water at the same sites, Celebes frogs were observed using still-water settings such as temporary forest pools, swamps or rice paddies. Genetic research has found numerous mitochondrial lineages within the celebensis group, indicating that its present species boundaries warrant further study (Gillespie et al. 2004; Wiradarma et al. 2023).